Low-wage workers in hospitality, transportation, and manufacturing saw the largest wage gains during the rebound from the COVID-19 shutdown, researchers found.
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Issue No. 76

May 20, 2025

OUR NATION

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Hammack supports steady policy, describes balance sheet challenges

In recent remarks, Cleveland Fed president Beth Hammack outlined a “strong case” to hold monetary policy steady and laid out long-term issues for the Fed to address in managing its balance sheet.

Read the speeches

Hammack to CNBC: More time is needed to assess tariffs’ impacts

“I think we need to be patient” in determining what effect tariffs may have on monetary policy, Cleveland Fed president Beth Hammack said on Squawk Box in her first nationally broadcast interview as a central banker.

Watch it

Coming soon to Conversations on Central Banking: tariffs

In the next installment of the Bank’s webinar series, panelists will discuss how tariffs affect the economy, the impact of tariff policy uncertainty, and lessons we can learn from past tariff episodes. 

Sign up now

As the pandemic ebbed and the economy reopened, who got the biggest raises?

Low-wage workers in hospitality, transportation, and manufacturing saw the largest wage gains during the rebound from the COVID-19 shutdown, researchers found.

Learn why

How much do inflation expectations influence policymaking?

More than you might think. Learn how policymakers and central bankers closely monitor surveys and economic models to gauge inflation expectations.

See the infographic

Why does the Fed care about inflation?

From hyperinflation to disinflation and more, the Fed works hard to understand and move inflation toward its 2 percent goal. 

Learn more

Fed Talk: Financial literacy is a career navigation tool

Knowing how to budget, save, and invest can translate into better decisions about pay, benefits, retirement packages, and other variables in the job market. 

Watch, listen, or read

Debt-related driver’s license suspensions challenge the workforce

Learn how businesses and policymakers are addressing an issue that can create a barrier to employment. 

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See small business trends over time

A new report based on data from the Small Business Credit Survey updates trends across 11 key indicators for different firm categories ranging from revenue and employment growth to loan applications and debt.

Read the report

Survey of Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs) seeks insights into their work

Help the Fed learn more about what’s working and what could be done better to provide financial products and services to underserved consumers, businesses, and communities. 

CDFIs, take our survey

OUR COMMUNITIES

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Survey highlights tariff concerns of businesses in region

Nearly two-thirds of respondents to the February Survey of Regional Conditions and Expectations (SORCE) said tariffs would impact their business, with a majority of those expecting to be impacted anticipating an increase in input costs and lower demand for their products.

Read more

Wondering what skills employers are looking for in our region?

Look no further than a recent report using data from the Occupational Mobility Explorer. It shares that there is strong demand for “social and soft skills."

Read the report

Spring business activity in Cleveland Fed District has been flat, contacts said

Activity was expected to remain flat in the months ahead, according to those surveyed for the Bank’s contribution to the Beige Book, the Fed’s national report on current business conditions. 

Hear more from our contacts

There’s still time to sign up for Policy Summit!

View the full agenda and the list of standout speakers for this year’s conference, focused on “Building Strong and Sustainable Communities.” Only 150 of 400 in-person seats remain. 

Get your tickets

CALENDAR

May 28

Fed Talk: Federal Reserve Cash Services in the 21st Century

Register

May 29

Conversations on Central Banking: Examining the Effects of Tariffs on the Economy

Register

June 26–27

Policy Summit 2025: Building Strong and Sustainable Communities

Register

September 29–30

Inflation: Drivers and Dynamics Conference 2025

Details

November 13–14

Fall 2025 Midwest Macroeconomics Meeting

Details

November 20–21

2025 Financial Stability Conference: Financial Stability in a Time of Rapid Economic and Technological Change

Details
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Editor's note: Our subscribers asked for more information about the people of the Federal Reserve.

 

Meet Rob Beck, assistant vice president, end user services in the Information Technology Department. He has worked in the technology field for nearly two decades, and in 2022, he brought his expertise to the Bank. 

Can you share a little about your role?

I manage the teams under IT’s end user services umbrella: end user support, end user engineering, and asset management. I also lead a centralized asset management group on behalf of the Cleveland Fed and other Reserve Banks. I’m very lucky to work with such a great group of professionals.

 

A typical day involves lots of meetings and speaking to people across the System. I focus on leading high-performing teams while bringing an excellent user experience to our employees through strategy, support, and innovative projects.

 

What attracted you to the Bank?
It’s important to me that my work has meaning behind it, and working here fulfills that need. Not only is the Federal Reserve a prestigious institution, but I believe in its mission, too.

 

You were a recipient of the Cleveland Fed’s Spirit of Innovation Award. How did it feel to receive that honor?
Being part of the team that won the Spirit of Innovation Award was an awesome and rewarding experience. The problem we were solving for was the amount of work being performed by our Cincinnati office’s cash services team to locate specific cash containers for processing. I have a background in LEAN Six Sigma and knew I could help drive efficiency. We pulled together a collaborative team consisting of Cincinnati cash and Cleveland IT employees. The team redesigned the vault layout and developed a technology tool to track inventory. The project is expected to net significant long-term benefits and is a shining example of how working together cross-functionally can drive efficiency throughout the Fourth Federal Reserve District.

 

What do you want other people to know about you?
I am a huge baseball fan! I coached baseball for many years and am in the process of visiting every MLB stadium in the country with my family. We have been to 25 of 30 stadiums.

 

Where is the most exciting place you have traveled?
I’ve been lucky enough to work on five different continents (Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America) throughout my career. London and Shanghai were my two favorite places.

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Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, 1455 E 6th St, Cleveland, OH 44114, US

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